Updated June 2026.
The Hokkaido is one of the most popular dog breeds. In this guide we cover its origin, temperament, care and the conditions it is most prone to, to help you look after its health.
Origin and history of the Hokkaido
Considered the oldest of the six Japanese spitz breeds, with origins around the 12th century. It migrated with the Ainu people from Honshu to Hokkaido, where it adapted to extreme cold as a hunting dog (then called «Ainu Ken»). Japan declared it a Living Natural Monument in 1937. It is loyal, brave and very hardy.
Physical characteristics
| Country of origin | Japan |
|---|---|
| Height | 46 – 53 cm |
| Weight | 14 – 20 kg |
| Coat | Double coat, dense; various colours |
| Role | Spitz-type hunting dog |
| Lifespan | 12 to 15 years |
Temperament and behaviour
The Hokkaido is faithful, docile, alert and bold. Like any dog, it needs early socialisation, clear routines and positive, reward-based training to develop a balanced character. Giving it time, exercise and attention strengthens the bond with the family.
Common health problems of the Hokkaido
Protecting your Hokkaido’s health is essential. These are some of the conditions the breed is most prone to:
- Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA)
- Hip dysplasia
- Heart murmur
- Pica
- Psychogenic polydipsia
Indicative list of breed predispositions, to be validated by Petplan’s veterinary team. It is not a diagnosis.
Care and feeding
The Hokkaido needs a balanced canine diet suited to its size and age, with weight control and fresh water always available. Look after its dental hygiene, brushing according to its coat, nails and ears, and keep up with vaccinations and deworming. Regular veterinary check-ups are key to catching any problem early.
Exercise and stimulation
The Hokkaido needs daily walks and exercise to match its energy, plus mental stimulation through games, obedience or interactive toys. A dog that moves and «thinks» every day is a more balanced dog: the right exercise prevents boredom, stress and excess weight.
Petplan insurance for your Hokkaido
For the Hokkaido, Petplan offers civil liability insurance, which covers damage your dog may cause to third parties. Health insurance is not available for this breed.
Frequently asked questions about the Hokkaido
How long does a Hokkaido live?
The life expectancy of the Hokkaido is 12 to 15 years, especially with good care, a proper diet and veterinary follow-up.
What health problems are most common in the Hokkaido?
Its most common predispositions include: collie eye anomaly (cea), hip dysplasia, heart murmur, pica, psychogenic polydipsia. Discuss them with your vet.
How much does Hokkaido insurance cost?
The price of civil liability insurance depends on age and area. You can get a free, no-obligation quote.
What does Petplan insurance cover for a Hokkaido?
It covers civil liability: material and personal damage your dog causes to third parties. It does not include veterinary costs.
Learn more about Petplan pet insurance.
