Updated June 2026.
The Sarplaninac is one of the most popular dog breeds. In this guide we cover its origin, temperament, care and the conditions it is most prone to, to help you look after its health.
Origin and history of the Sarplaninac
Also known as the Yugoslav Shepherd, it is an ancient breed from the Šar Planina region, between southern Serbia and northern Macedonia. It is believed to descend from the oldest Molossers of the Balkans. The FCI recognised it as «Illyrian Shepherd» in 1939 and changed the name to «Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Sharplanina» in 1957. It is a serious livestock guardian, staying with the flock for days guided by its intuition.
Physical characteristics
| Country of origin | Serbia / North Macedonia |
|---|---|
| Height | 56 – 62 cm |
| Weight | 30 – 45 kg |
| Coat | Double coat, long and abundant; grey, brindle or fawn |
| Role | Livestock guardian dog |
| Lifespan | 11 to 13 years |
Temperament and behaviour
The Sarplaninac is loyal, protective, independent and calm. Like any dog, it needs early socialisation, clear routines and positive, reward-based training to develop a balanced character. Giving it time, exercise and attention strengthens the bond with the family.
Common health problems of the Sarplaninac
Protecting your Sarplaninac’s health is essential. These are some of the conditions the breed is most prone to:
- Hip dysplasia
- Gastric torsion (bloat)
- Joint problems
- Obesity
- Eye problems
Indicative list of breed predispositions, to be validated by Petplan’s veterinary team. It is not a diagnosis.
Care and feeding
The Sarplaninac needs a balanced canine diet suited to its size and age, with weight control and fresh water always available. Look after its dental hygiene, brushing according to its coat, nails and ears, and keep up with vaccinations and deworming. Regular veterinary check-ups are key to catching any problem early.
Exercise and stimulation
The Sarplaninac needs daily walks and exercise to match its energy, plus mental stimulation through games, obedience or interactive toys. A dog that moves and «thinks» every day is a more balanced dog: the right exercise prevents boredom, stress and excess weight.
Why Petplan is the best choice for your Sarplaninac
With Petplan health insurance you freely choose your vet and face accidents, illnesses and emergencies without cost making the decision for you. Get a free, no-obligation quote for your dog and protect it throughout its life.
Frequently asked questions about the Sarplaninac
How long does a Sarplaninac live?
The life expectancy of the Sarplaninac is 11 to 13 years, especially with good care, a proper diet and veterinary follow-up.
What health problems are most common in the Sarplaninac?
Its most common predispositions include: hip dysplasia, gastric torsion (bloat), joint problems, obesity, eye problems. Discuss them with your vet.
How much does Sarplaninac insurance cost?
It depends on age and area. You can get a free, no-obligation quote for your dog with Petplan.
What does Petplan insurance cover for a Sarplaninac?
Accidents and illnesses, including diagnostic tests, surgery, hospitalisation and veterinary emergencies, with free choice of vet across Spain.
Learn more about Petplan pet insurance.
