One of the diseases dogs can suffer over their lifetime is kidney (renal) failure. According to Michigan State University, up to 5.8% of dogs may develop it at some point. Below, we look at this disease, covering aspects such as its symptoms, treatments and the importance of prevention — where you, as your dog’s carer, play a part.
How can it affect a dog?
This condition occurs when the kidneys are unable to carry out all or some of their functions. There are two types: acute and chronic.
Acute kidney failure
Acute kidney failure, which can happen at any age, occurs when the kidneys suddenly stop working. This impairs the kidney’s ability to filter, produce urine and control minerals. In turn, the waste products of protein digestion build up in the blood, causing poisoning.
It shows itself through symptoms such as loss of appetite and vomiting, abnormal amounts of urine (none, very little or too much), abdominal pain and disorientation, even reaching coma in the most serious cases. Treatment first involves addressing the damage the disease has caused (haemorrhages, dehydration, etc.), then restoring normal blood pressure and maintaining urine production.
Chronic kidney failure
This occurs more in older dogs, as the kidney gradually loses its capacity through wear, the presence of a tumour or other chronic diseases. Early detection is essential, because by the time symptoms appear the kidney has already lost around 75% of its function. Symptoms can include polyuria (excessive urination), loss of appetite, vomiting, bad breath, anaemia, weight loss, high blood pressure and mouth ulcers. There are treatments aimed at slowing the disease’s progression and improving the dog’s quality of life.
How to prevent it
When it comes to food, grapes and raisins can also cause this disease, so keep them away from your dog. Likewise, your dog should always have clean, fresh water in a spot protected from the sun.
Veterinary check-ups are essential. It’s a good idea to have regular medical checks, especially from around 8 years of age — but see the vet at any symptom, because, as we’ve explained, the key is prevention. Don’t forget to keep up with the vaccination schedule, either. Your dog’s food should be good quality, suited to its size and any specific needs, and always appropriate for the animal’s age. If your furry companion already has kidney failure, the vet will recommend a specialised food for the condition. Remember: veterinary insurance is the best ally for your dog’s health.
