Updated June 2026.
The Portuguese Sheepdog is one of the most popular dog breeds. In this guide we cover its origin, temperament, care and the conditions it is most prone to, to help you look after its health.
Origin and history of the Portuguese Sheepdog
The Portuguese Sheepdog, known as the Cão da Serra de Aires, is a medium-sized herding dog and one of Portugal’s native breeds. Nicknamed the «monkey dog» (cão macaco) for its furry face and lively character, it was used to drive cattle, sheep, goats and horses in the Serra de Aires and the Alentejo. It is believed to descend from Briards imported in the early 20th century, crossed with the Pyrenean Sheepdog.
Physical characteristics
| Country of origin | Portugal |
|---|---|
| Height | 42 – 55 cm |
| Weight | 17 – 27 kg |
| Coat | Long, smooth or slightly wavy |
| Role | Herding dog |
| Lifespan | 12 to 14 years |
Temperament and behaviour
The Portuguese Sheepdog is intelligent, lively, loyal and energetic. Like any dog, it needs early socialisation, clear routines and positive, reward-based training to develop a balanced character. Giving it time, exercise and attention strengthens the bond with the family.
Common health problems of the Portuguese Sheepdog
Protecting your Portuguese Sheepdog’s health is essential. These are some of the conditions the breed is most prone to:
- Hip dysplasia
- Eye problems
- Progressive retinal atrophy
- Skin problems
- Obesity
Indicative list of breed predispositions, to be validated by Petplan’s veterinary team. It is not a diagnosis.
Care and feeding
The Portuguese Sheepdog needs a balanced canine diet suited to its size and age, with weight control and fresh water always available. Look after its dental hygiene, brushing according to its coat, nails and ears, and keep up with vaccinations and deworming. Regular veterinary check-ups are key to catching any problem early.
Exercise and stimulation
The Portuguese Sheepdog needs daily walks and exercise to match its energy, plus mental stimulation through games, obedience or interactive toys. A dog that moves and «thinks» every day is a more balanced dog: the right exercise prevents boredom, stress and excess weight.
Why Petplan is the best choice for your Portuguese Sheepdog
With Petplan health insurance you freely choose your vet and face accidents, illnesses and emergencies without cost making the decision for you. Get a free, no-obligation quote for your dog and protect it throughout its life.
Frequently asked questions about the Portuguese Sheepdog
How long does a Portuguese Sheepdog live?
The life expectancy of the Portuguese Sheepdog is 12 to 14 years, especially with good care, a proper diet and veterinary follow-up.
What health problems are most common in the Portuguese Sheepdog?
Its most common predispositions include: Hip dysplasia, eye problems, progressive retinal atrophy, skin problems, obesity. Discuss them with your vet.
How much does Portuguese Sheepdog insurance cost?
It depends on age and area. You can get a free, no-obligation quote for your dog with Petplan.
What does Petplan insurance cover for a Portuguese Sheepdog?
Accidents and illnesses, including diagnostic tests, surgery, hospitalisation and veterinary emergencies, with free choice of vet across Spain.
Learn more about Petplan pet insurance.
